Breathing exercise · 2 · 1 · 4

How to use 2-1-4 breathing for a hard week, if you have five quiet minutes

The pattern is 2 · 1 · 4, which is short in, short hold, long out — the smallest useful dose.

Ready0

Follow the circle. It counts for you.

How it works

Breathe in for 2, hold for 1, then let the breath go for 4 counts. Five quiet minutes is enough. Ten is generous. Nothing abstract for the next few minutes.

Why it can help

Most people find the out-breath easier to lengthen than the in-breath. This uses that.

The pattern, in seconds

PhaseLengthStarts at
Inhale2s0s
Hold1s2s
Exhale4s3s

One round is 7 seconds. At the default 10 rounds this practice runs 70 seconds — about 1 minute — plus a breath or two of ordinary breathing between rounds.

Good for

  • when you have read the same paragraph three times
  • on a train or a bus, with your bag on your lap
  • in the two minutes after a difficult phone call

Tips

  • The counts are a guide. If a number feels too long, shorten every side by one.
  • It is fine to breathe through your mouth if your nose is blocked. Nose is usually easier.
  • If holding for the full count feels tight, drop every number by one. The shape matters more than the size.

Please note

If holding your breath makes you dizzy or uncomfortable, skip the holds entirely and breathe slowly and evenly instead. Never push through lightheadedness. If you are pregnant, or manage a heart, blood pressure or lung condition, check with a doctor before doing breath holds.